ACE American Reinsurance Company

The New York Attorney General's 2004 insurance investigation revealed compelling evidence pointing to the widespread practice of bid rigging and other improper transactions perpetrated by ACE, AIG, and Marsh, among others. ACE avoided a trial by paying a large settlement, agreeing to significantly change its business practices, and the company issued a formal apology to consumers who had been victimized.

ACE is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and has numerous American stockholders. However, many of ACE Limited's officers and directors, who are not US residents, might be immune from civil liability under US Securities laws designed to ensure corporate accountability. This is a significant benefit of the ACE board's decision to reincorporate in Switzerland during 2008.